Oracle® Database Platform Guide
Oracle Database on Windows is a stable, reliable, and high performing system upon
which to build applications. Each release of the database provides new
platform-specific features for high performance on Windows.
Oracle® Database
Platform Guide
10g Release 1 (10.1) for Windows
Part No. B10113-02
June 2004
Oracle Database Platform Guide 10g Release 1 (10.1) for Windows
Part No. B10113-02
Copyright © 1996, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Primary Author: Craig B. Foch
Contributing Authors: Janelle Simmons, Mark Kennedy, Helen Slattery
Contributor: David Collelo
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Contents
Send Us Your Comments ...................................................................................................................... xiii
Preface ............................................................................................................................................................... xv
Audience..................................................................................................................................................... xv
Documentation Accessibility ................................................................................................................... xv
Structure ..................................................................................................................................................... xvi
Related Documents ................................................................................................................................. xviii
Conventions ............................................................................................................................................. xviii
What's New in Oracle Database for Windows ......................................................................... xxiii
Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1) New Features........................................................................... xxiii
Oracle9i Release 2 (9.2.0.2) New Feature ............................................................................................. xxiv
Oracle9i Release 2 (9.2) New Features.................................................................................................. xxv
Oracle9i Release 1 (9.0.1) New Features............................................................................................... xxv
1 Oracle Database Architecture on Windows
Oracle Database on Windows Architecture ........................................................................................ 1-1
Thread-Based Architecture ............................................................................................................... 1-1
File I/O Enhancements ..................................................................................................................... 1-3
Raw File Support................................................................................................................................ 1-3
Oracle Database Scalability on Windows ........................................................................................... 1-4
Support for Very Large Memory (VLM) Configurations............................................................. 1-4
4 GB RAM Tuning (4GT)................................................................................................................... 1-6
Large User Populations ..................................................................................................................... 1-7
Oracle Database Integration with Windows....................................................................................... 1-7
Oracle PKI Integration with Windows ........................................................................................... 1-7
Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server ......................................................................... 1-7
Oracle Fail Safe Integration with Windows ................................................................................... 1-8
Oracle Real Application Clusters Integration with Windows..................................................... 1-8
Other Sources of Information ................................................................................................................ 1-8
2 Database Tools on Windows
Choosing a Database Tool ...................................................................................................................... 2-1
Database Tools and Operating System Compatibility.................................................................. 2-1
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Preferred Database Tools .................................................................................................................. 2-2
Starting Database Tools........................................................................................................................... 2-4
Starting Database Tools in Multiple Oracle Homes...................................................................... 2-4
Starting Tools from Oracle8 Release 8.0.4 and Later 8.0.x Multiple Oracle Homes.......... 2-4
Starting Tools from Oracle8i Release 8.1.3 and Later Multiple Oracle Homes.................. 2-4
Starting Database Tools from the Start Menu................................................................................ 2-5
Starting Database Tools from the Command Line........................................................................ 2-6
Starting Windows Tools.................................................................................................................... 2-8
Using SQL*Loader ................................................................................................................................... 2-9
Windows Processing Options .......................................................................................................... 2-9
Default (No Processing Option) or "str terminator_string" .................................................. 2-9
"FIX n" ........................................................................................................................................... 2-9
"VAR n"...................................................................................................................................... 2-10
Case Study Files............................................................................................................................... 2-10
Specifying the Bad File ................................................................................................................... 2-10
Control File Conventions ............................................................................................................... 2-10
Using Windows Tools........................................................................................................................... 2-11
Using Event Viewer to Monitor a Database................................................................................ 2-11
Using Microsoft Management Console to Administer a Database.......................................... 2-11
Using Oracle Counters for Windows Performance Monitor .................................................... 2-12
Using Registry Editor to Modify Configuration Information .................................................. 2-12
Using Task Manager to Monitor Applications and Processes.................................................. 2-13
Using Local Users and Groups to Manage Users and Groups................................................. 2-13
Using User Manager to Manage Users ........................................................................................ 2-13
Optional Windows Diagnostic and Tuning Utilities ..................................................................... 2-13
3 Postinstallation Database Creation on Windows
Naming Conventions for Oracle Database ......................................................................................... 3-1
Accessing Data Files and Log Files on Remote Computers ............................................................. 3-2
Creating a Database on Windows Using Database Configuration Assistant .............................. 3-2
Creating a Database on Windows Using Command-Line Tools..................................................... 3-3
Creating Directories ........................................................................................................................... 3-4
Exporting an Existing Database ....................................................................................................... 3-4
Deleting Database Files ..................................................................................................................... 3-5
Modifying the Initialization Parameter File ................................................................................... 3-6
Starting an Oracle Database Instance.............................................................................................. 3-7
Creating and Starting an Oracle Database Service........................................................................ 3-7
Putting the CREATE DATABASE Statement in a Script.............................................................. 3-8
Running the CREATE DATABASE Script...................................................................................... 3-8
Importing a Database ........................................................................................................................ 3-9
Updating ORACLE_SID in the Registry...................................................................................... 3-10
Backing Up the New Database...................................................................................................... 3-11
Using ORADIM to Administer an Oracle Database Instance...................................................... 3-12
Creating an Instance ....................................................................................................................... 3-13
Starting an Instance and Services ................................................................................................. 3-14
Stopping an Instance and Services ............................................................................................... 3-14
Editing an Instance.......................................................................................................................... 3-15
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Deleting an Instance........................................................................................................................ 3-15
4 Postinstallation Configuration Tasks on Windows
Resetting Passwords for Default Accounts ......................................................................................... 4-1
NTFS File System and Windows Registry Permissions ................................................................... 4-1
File Permissions.................................................................................................................................. 4-2
File Permissions Set by Oracle Universal Installer................................................................. 4-2
File Permissions Set by Database Configuration Assistant .................................................. 4-2
File Permissions Set by Database Upgrade Assistant ........................................................... 4-3
Setting NTFS File System Security................................................................................................... 4-3
Setting Windows Registry Security ................................................................................................. 4-4
Configuring External Job Support for the Scheduler on Windows ............................................... 4-4
Oracle interMedia on Windows............................................................................................................. 4-5
Upgrading Oracle interMedia from an Earlier Release ................................................................ 4-6
Configuring Oracle interMedia Audio, Video, Image, and Locator ........................................... 4-6
Configuring Oracle interMedia Demos........................................................................................... 4-7
Configuring Oracle Text on Windows.................................................................................................. 4-8
Configuring Oracle Spatial on Windows ......................................................................................... 4-10
Configuring Advanced Replication on Windows........................................................................... 4-11
Checking Tablespace and Rollback Segment Requirements .................................................... 4-11
Adding and Modifying Initialization Parameters...................................................................... 4-11
Monitoring Data Dictionary Tables.............................................................................................. 4-12
5 Administering a Database on Windows
Managing Oracle Database Services .................................................................................................... 5-1
Oracle Database Service Naming Conventions for Multiple Oracle Homes ............................ 5-1
Starting Oracle Database Services ................................................................................................... 5-2
Stopping Oracle Database Services ................................................................................................. 5-2
Auto-starting Oracle Database Services.......................................................................................... 5-3
Starting and Shutting Down a Database with SQL*Plus................................................................. 5-4
Starting and Shutting Down a Database Using Services ................................................................. 5-6
Starting Multiple Instances .................................................................................................................... 5-8
Creating and Populating Password Files............................................................................................. 5-9
Viewing and Hiding the Password File....................................................................................... 5-10
Connecting Remotely to the Database as SYS ................................................................................ 5-11
Automatically Encrypted Database Passwords .............................................................................. 5-11
Creating Control, Data, and Log Files on Remote Computers ..................................................... 5-12
Archiving Redo Log Files .................................................................................................................... 5-12
Changing Archive Mode to ARCHIVELOG ............................................................................... 5-12
Enabling Automatic Archiving ..................................................................................................... 5-13
Backing Up an Oracle Database on Windows ................................................................................. 5-14
6 Monitoring a Database on Windows
Database Monitoring Overview............................................................................................................ 6-1
Using Oracle Counters for Windows Performance Monitor .......................................................... 6-2
Registry Information.......................................................................................................................... 6-2
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Accessing Oracle Counters for Windows Performance Monitor................................................ 6-3
Modifying Views................................................................................................................................ 6-3
Understanding Oracle Database Performance Objects ................................................................ 6-4
Oracle Counters for Windows Performance Monitor Troubleshooting Information.............. 6-6
Using Event Viewer ................................................................................................................................. 6-6
Reading Event Viewer....................................................................................................................... 6-7
Managing Event Viewer.................................................................................................................... 6-8
Trace Files................................................................................................................................................... 6-8
Alert Files ................................................................................................................................................... 6-9
Viewing Threads ...................................................................................................................................... 6-9
7 Tuning Windows to Optimize Oracle Database
Windows Tuning Overview ................................................................................................................... 7-1
Large Page Support .................................................................................................................................. 7-2
Reduce Priority of Foreground Applications on Server Console ................................................... 7-2
Configure Windows Server to Be an Application Server................................................................. 7-3
Disable Unnecessary Services ............................................................................................................... 7-3
Remove Unused Network Protocols .................................................................................................... 7-4
Reset Network Protocol Bind Order..................................................................................................... 7-4
Setting the Order of Multiple Network Interface Cards .................................................................. 7-4
Apply Latest Reliable Windows Server Service Pack ....................................................................... 7-5
Use Hardware or Operating System Striping..................................................................................... 7-5
Multiple Striped Volumes for Sequential and Random Access .................................................. 7-6
Multiplex Windows Server Virtual Memory Paging File ................................................................ 7-7
Close All Unnecessary Foreground Applications .............................................................................. 7-7
8 Authenticating Database Users with Windows
Windows Native Authentication Overview........................................................................................ 8-1
Windows Authentication Protocols ...................................................................................................... 8-2
User Authentication and Role Authorization Methods.................................................................... 8-2
Authentication and Authorization Methods To Use .................................................................... 8-3
Operating System Authentication Enabled at Installation.............................................................. 8-4
9 Administering External Users and Roles on Windows
Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows .................................................................................. 9-1
Managing a Remote Computer ........................................................................................................ 9-2
Adding a Computer and Saving Your Configuration .................................................................. 9-3
Granting Administrator Privileges for All Databases on a Computer....................................... 9-4
Granting Operator Privileges for All Databases on a Computer ................................................ 9-5
Connecting to a Database.................................................................................................................. 9-5
Troubleshooting Connection Problems ................................................................................... 9-7
Viewing Database Authentication Parameter Settings................................................................. 9-8
Creating an External Operating System User ................................................................................ 9-9
Creating a Local Database Role..................................................................................................... 9-14
Creating an External Operating System Role ............................................................................. 9-16
Granting Administrator Privileges for a Single Database......................................................... 9-19
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Granting Operator Privileges for a Single Database.................................................................. 9-20
Manually Administering External Users and Roles....................................................................... 9-21
Manually Creating an External Operating System User ........................................................... 9-22
External User Authentication Tasks on the Oracle Database Server ............................... 9-22
External User Authentication Tasks on the Client Computer........................................... 9-25
Manually Granting Administrator and Operator Privileges for Databases........................... 9-26
SYSDBA/SYSOPER Authentication Tasks on the Oracle Database Server .................... 9-26
SYSDBA/SYSOPER Authentication Tasks on the Client Computer ............................... 9-27
Manually Creating an External Role ............................................................................................ 9-27
External Role Authorization Tasks on the Oracle Database Server ................................. 9-28
External Role Authorization Tasks on the Client Computer............................................. 9-29
Manually Migrating Users............................................................................................................. 9-30
10 Storing Oracle Wallets in the Windows Registry
Storing Private Keys and Trust Points............................................................................................... 10-1
Storing User's Profile............................................................................................................................ 10-1
Registry Parameters for Wallet Storage............................................................................................. 10-1
Oracle Wallet Manager................................................................................................................... 10-2
Sharing Wallets and sqlnet.ora Files Among Multiple Databases.................................... 10-2
11 Oracle PKI Integration with Windows
Oracle Public Key Infrastructure ....................................................................................................... 11-1
Windows Public Key Infrastructure .................................................................................................. 11-1
Microsoft Certificate Stores............................................................................................................ 11-2
Microsoft Certificate Services ........................................................................................................ 11-2
Using Microsoft Certificate Stores with Oracle PKI Applications ........................................... 11-2
12 Using Oracle Database with Microsoft Active Directory
Microsoft Active Directory Support ................................................................................................. 12-1
About Microsoft Active Directory ................................................................................................ 12-1
Accessing Active Directory ........................................................................................................... 12-1
Oracle Components That Integrate with Active Directory ........................................................... 12-2
Directory Naming ........................................................................................................................... 12-2
Automatic Discovery of Directory Servers.................................................................................. 12-2
Integration with Windows Tools .................................................................................................. 12-2
User Interface Extensions for Oracle Net Directory Naming ................................................... 12-3
Enhancement of Directory Object Type Descriptions................................................................ 12-3
Integration with Windows Login Credentials ............................................................................ 12-3
Oracle Directory Objects in Active Directory ............................................................................. 12-4
Requirements for Using Oracle Database with Active Directory ............................................... 12-4
Directory Naming Software Requirements................................................................................. 12-5
Oracle Schema Objects Creation ................................................................................................... 12-5
Oracle Context Creation................................................................................................................. 12-6
Configuring Oracle Database to Use Active Directory.................................................................. 12-7
Testing Connectivity ............................................................................................................................. 12-8
Testing Connectivity from Client Computers............................................................................. 12-8
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Testing Connectivity from Microsoft Tools ................................................................................ 12-8
Access Control List Management for Oracle Directory Objects ................................................ 12-10
Security Groups............................................................................................................................. 12-10
OracleDBCreators .................................................................................................................. 12-10
OracleNetAdmins .................................................................................................................. 12-11
Adding and Deleting Security Group Members ...................................................................... 12-11
13 Oracle Database Specifications for Windows
Initialization Parameter File Overview............................................................................................. 13-1
Location of the Initialization Parameter File ............................................................................... 13-2
Editing The Initialization Parameter File..................................................................................... 13-2
Database Configuration Assistant Renames init.ora ................................................................. 13-2
Sample File ............................................................................................................................................. 13-2
SGA_MAX_SIZE Parameter................................................................................................................ 13-3
Initialization Parameters Without Windows-Specific Values ...................................................... 13-3
Displaying Initialization Parameter Values..................................................................................... 13-4
Uneditable Database Initialization Parameters .............................................................................. 13-4
Calculating Database Limits ............................................................................................................... 13-5
14 Configuration Parameters and the Registry
About Configuration Parameters ....................................................................................................... 14-1
Registry Overview................................................................................................................................. 14-1
Registry Parameters .............................................................................................................................. 14-2
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOME_NAME....................... 14-2
MSHELP_TOOLS..................................................................................................................... 14-3
NLS_LANG............................................................................................................................... 14-3
ORA_CWD................................................................................................................................ 14-3
ORA_SID_AUTOSTART ........................................................................................................ 14-3
ORA_SID_PFILE ...................................................................................................................... 14-3
ORA_SID_SHUTDOWN ........................................................................................................ 14-3
ORA_SID_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT.................................................................................... 14-3
ORA_SID_SHUTDOWNTYPE .............................................................................................. 14-3
ORA_TZFILE ............................................................................................................................ 14-3
ORACLE_AFFINITY ............................................................................................................... 14-4
ORACLE_BASE........................................................................................................................ 14-4
ORACLE_GROUP_NAME..................................................................................................... 14-4
ORACLE_HOME ..................................................................................................................... 14-5
ORACLE_HOME_KEY ........................................................................................................... 14-5
ORACLE_HOME_NAME ...................................................................................................... 14-5
ORACLE_PRIORITY .............................................................................................................. 14-5
ORACLE_SID ........................................................................................................................... 14-5
OSAUTH_PREFIX_DOMAIN................................................................................................ 14-5
OSAUTH_X509_NAME .......................................................................................................... 14-5
RDBMS_ARCHIVE.................................................................................................................. 14-6
RDBMS_CONTROL ................................................................................................................ 14-6
SQLPATH ................................................................................................................................. 14-6
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE............................................................... 14-6
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INST_LOC................................................................................................................................. 14-6
OO4O ......................................................................................................................................... 14-6
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services .................................... 14-6
Parameters for Oracle Counters for Windows Performance Monitor ............................. 14-6
Parameters for Oracle Database Services ............................................................................. 14-8
Oracle Real Application Clusters Registry Parameters ................................................................. 14-8
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\OCR ................................................... 14-8
Managing Registry Parameters with regedt32................................................................................. 14-8
Modifying a Parameter Value with regedt32.............................................................................. 14-8
Adding a Registry Parameter with regedt32 .............................................................................. 14-9
Managing Registry Parameters with Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows .......... 14-10
Starting Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows ......................................................... 14-10
Adding Oracle Home Parameters .............................................................................................. 14-11
Editing Oracle Home Parameters ............................................................................................... 14-12
Deleting Oracle Home Parameters ............................................................................................. 14-13
Modifying Oracle Counters for Windows Performance Monitor Parameters ........................ 14-14
Using operfcfg .............................................................................................................................. 14-14
Using Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows............................................................. 14-14
15 Developing Applications for Windows
Finding Information on Application Development for Windows ............................................. 15-1
Java Enhancements ......................................................................................................................... 15-1
XML Support ................................................................................................................................... 15-1
Support for Internet Applications ................................................................................................ 15-1
Application Wizards....................................................................................................................... 15-2
Oracle COM/COM+ Integration Feature.................................................................................... 15-2
Oracle Objects for OLE ................................................................................................................... 15-2
ODP.NET.......................................................................................................................................... 15-2
Oracle Services For Microsoft Transaction Server...................................................................... 15-2
Pro*C/C++ and Pro*COBOL Applications................................................................................. 15-2
OLE DB ............................................................................................................................................. 15-3
Developing Windows Applications .................................................................................................. 15-3
Developing Internet Applications ................................................................................................ 15-4
Building External Procedures ............................................................................................................. 15-5
External Procedures Overview ..................................................................................................... 15-5
Installing and Configuring ............................................................................................................ 15-6
Installing Oracle Database ...................................................................................................... 15-6
Configuring Oracle Net Services ........................................................................................... 15-6
Writing an External Procedure...................................................................................................... 15-7
Building a DLL ................................................................................................................................ 15-7
Registering an External Procedure ............................................................................................... 15-8
Executing an External Procedure.................................................................................................. 15-9
Debugging External Procedures......................................................................................................... 15-9
Using Package DEBUG_EXTPROC............................................................................................ 15-10
Accessing Text Files with UTL_FILE ............................................................................................... 15-10
Accessing Web Data with Intercartridge Exchange ...................................................................... 15-10
Configuring Intercartridge Exchange ........................................................................................ 15-11
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Using Intercartridge Exchange.................................................................................................... 15-12
Packaged Function UTL_HTTP.REQUEST........................................................................ 15-12
Packaged Function UTL_HTTP.REQUEST_PIECES ........................................................ 15-12
UTL_HTTP Exception Conditions.............................................................................................. 15-13
UTL_HTTP.REQUEST .......................................................................................................... 15-13
UTL_HTTP.REQUEST_PIECES........................................................................................... 15-14
Exception Conditions and Error Messages ............................................................................... 15-14
A Getting Started with Your Documentation
B Storing Tablespaces on Raw Partitions
Raw Partition Overview......................................................................................................................... B-1
Physical Disk...................................................................................................................................... B-1
Logical Partition ................................................................................................................................ B-2
Physical Disk and Logical Partition Considerations.................................................................... B-2
Compatibility Issues ......................................................................................................................... B-3
Creating a Tablespace in a Raw Partition ........................................................................................... B-3
C Oracle Net Services Configuration on Windows
Understanding Oracle Net Services Registry Parameters and Subkeys ...................................... C-1
Oracle Net Service Subkeys ............................................................................................................. C-1
Listener Requirements ........................................................................................................................... C-2
Understanding Optional Configuration Parameters........................................................................ C-2
LOCAL................................................................................................................................................ C-2
TNS_ADMIN ..................................................................................................................................... C-2
USE_SHARED_SOCKET ................................................................................................................. C-3
Advanced Network Configuration ...................................................................................................... C-3
Configuring Authentication Method ............................................................................................. C-3
Configuring Security for Named Pipes Protocol.......................................................................... C-3
Modifying Configuration of External Procedures for Higher Security .................................... C-3
D Error Messages on Windows
ORA-09275: CONNECT INTERNAL No Longer Supported.......................................................... D-1
OSD-04000 to OSD-04599: Windows-Specific Oracle Database Messages ................................. D-1
File I/O Errors: OSD-04000 to OSD-04099 .................................................................................... D-4
Memory Errors: OSD-04100 to OSD-04199.................................................................................... D-7
Process Errors: OSD-04200 to OSD-04299...................................................................................... D-8
Loader Errors: OSD-04300 to OSD-04399 .................................................................................... D-10
Semaphore Errors: OSD-04400 to OSD-04499............................................................................. D-11
Miscellaneous Errors: OSD-04500 to OSD-04599........................................................................ D-11
DIM-00000 to DIM-00039: ORADIM Command Syntax Errors ................................................... D-12
Database Connection Issues................................................................................................................ D-19
E Using Oracle Database on Windows 2000
How to Perform Common Tasks in Windows NT and Windows 2000 ......................................... E-1
Other Differences Between Windows NT and Windows 2000 ...................................................... E-2
x
No DNS Domain Name for Windows 2000 Computer ............................................................... E-2
Microsoft Management Console Included in Windows 2000..................................................... E-2
Raw Partitions.................................................................................................................................... E-3
Services Autostart ............................................................................................................................. E-3
F Oracle Database Windows/UNIX Differences
Automatic Startup and Shutdown ....................................................................................................... F-1
Background Processing and Batch Jobs .............................................................................................. F-2
Diagnostic and Tuning Utilities ........................................................................................................... F-2
Direct Writes to Disk .............................................................................................................................. F-2
Dynamic Link Libraries (DLLs) ........................................................................................................... F-3
Hot Backups ............................................................................................................................................. F-3
Initialization Parameters: Multiple Database Writers ..................................................................... F-3
Install Accounts and Groups................................................................................................................. F-3
Installation................................................................................................................................................ F-3
Memory Resources.................................................................................................................................. F-4
Microsoft Transaction Server ................................................................................................................ F-4
Multiple Oracle Homes and OFA ........................................................................................................ F-4
Processes and Threads............................................................................................................................ F-5
Raw Partitions.......................................................................................................................................... F-5
Services...................................................................................................................................................... F-6
G Oracle Database for 64-Bit Windows
Unsupported Features ............................................................................................................................ G-1
Oracle Database Architecture on 64-Bit Windows............................................................................ G-2
Database Tools for 64-Bit Windows..................................................................................................... G-2
Backing Up and Recovering 64-Bit Database Files........................................................................... G-2
Users and Roles for 64-Bit Windows ................................................................................................... G-2
Large Page Support for 64-bit Windows ............................................................................................. G-2
Database Migration from a 32-bit Windows Computer .................................................................. G-4
Backing Up a 32-Bit Oracle Database ............................................................................................. G-4
Migrating an Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1) Database..................................................... G-4
Migrating an Oracle9i or Older Database...................................................................................... G-7
Application Migration............................................................................................................................ G-7
Oracle Database for 64-bit Windows Documentation ..................................................................... G-7
Glossary
Index
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Send Us Your Comments
Oracle Database Platform Guide 10g Release 1 (10.1) for Windows
Part No. B10113-02
Oracle welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this
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Preface
This document describes the features of Oracle Database for Windows software
installed on Windows NT Server, Windows 2000, Windows XP Professional, and
Windows Server 2003 operating systems.
This guide is your primary source of introductory and reference information for Oracle
Database for Windows for both client and server. Differences between product
versions are noted where appropriate.
This Preface contains these topics:
■ Audience
■ Documentation Accessibility
■ Structure
■ Related Documents
■ Conventions
Audience
Oracle Database Platform Guide is intended for:
■ Database administrators
■ Network administrators
■ Security specialists
■ Developers who use Oracle Database
To use this document, you need:
■ Oracle-certified Windows operating system software installed and tested
■ Knowledge of object-relational database management concepts
Documentation Accessibility
Our goal is to make Oracle products, services, and supporting documentation
accessible, with good usability, to the disabled community. To that end, our
documentation includes features that make information available to users of assistive
technology. This documentation is available in HTML format, and contains markup to
facilitate access by the disabled community. Standards will continue to evolve over
time, and Oracle is actively engaged with other market-leading technology vendors to
address technical obstacles so that our documentation can be accessible to all of our
xv
customers. For additional information, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program Web site
at
http://www.oracle.com/accessibility/
Accessibility of Code Examples in Documentation
JAWS, a Windows screen reader, may not always correctly read the code examples in
this document. The conventions for writing code require that closing braces should
appear on an otherwise empty line; however, JAWS may not always read a line of text
that consists solely of a bracket or brace.
Accessibility of Links to External Web Sites in Documentation
This documentation may contain links to Web sites of other companies or
organizations that Oracle does not own or control. Oracle neither evaluates nor makes
any representations regarding the accessibility of these Web sites.
Structure
This document contains:
Chapter 1, "Oracle Database Architecture on Windows"
This chapter describes how Oracle Database architecture takes advantage of some of
the more advanced services in the Windows operating system.
Chapter 2, "Database Tools on Windows"
This chapter provides a list of preferred and optional tools you can use to perform
common database administration tasks. It also explains how to start these tools.
Chapter 3, "Postinstallation Database Creation on Windows"
This chapter explains how to create a database after installing Oracle Database, using
either the Database Configuration Assistant or command-line tools.
Chapter 4, "Postinstallation Configuration Tasks on Windows"
This chapter describes some of the configuration tasks you must perform before using
Oracle interMedia and other Oracle options.
Chapter 5, "Administering a Database on Windows"
This chapter explains how to administer Oracle Database for Windows.
Chapter 6, "Monitoring a Database on Windows"
This chapter explains how to monitor Oracle Database for Windows.
Chapter 7, "Tuning Windows to Optimize Oracle Database"
This chapter explains how to tune Windows Server operating systems to ensure that
Oracle Database is running in the best possible environment.
Chapter 8, "Authenticating Database Users with Windows"
This chapter describes authentication of Oracle Database users on Windows operating
systems.
Chapter 9, "Administering External Users and Roles on Windows"
This chapter describes the administration of external users and roles.
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Chapter 10, "Storing Oracle Wallets in the Windows Registry"
This chapter describes storing and retrieving Oracle Wallets in the Windows registry.
Chapter 11, "Oracle PKI Integration with Windows"
This chapter describes the integration of Oracle public key infrastructure (PKI) with
Windows 2000 public key infrastructure (Windows PKI) on Windows operating
systems.
Chapter 12, "Using Oracle Database with Microsoft Active Directory"
This chapter describes how to configure and use Microsoft Active Directory as the
LDAP directory.
Chapter 13, "Oracle Database Specifications for Windows"
This chapter discusses initialization parameters, which Oracle Database uses on
Windows to enable various features of the database every time an instance is started.
Chapter 14, "Configuration Parameters and the Registry"
This chapter describes the use of the registry for various Oracle Database components.
In addition, this chapter lists the recommended values and ranges for configuration
parameters.
Chapter 15, "Developing Applications for Windows"
This chapter points to sources of information on developing applications for Windows
and outlines a procedure for building and debugging external procedures.
Appendix A, "Getting Started with Your Documentation"
This appendix describes the contents of your Oracle Database documentation set.
Appendix B, "Storing Tablespaces on Raw Partitions"
This appendix describes how to configure your system to store datafiles for
tablespaces on raw partitions.
Appendix C, "Oracle Net Services Configuration on Windows"
This appendix describes Oracle Net Services configuration for Windows. For an
overview of Oracle Net Services configuration in general, see Oracle Net Services
Administrator's Guide.
Appendix D, "Error Messages on Windows"
This appendix lists error messages, causes, and corrective actions that are specific to
the operation of Oracle Database for Windows.
Appendix E, "Using Oracle Database on Windows 2000"
This appendix highlights differences between Windows 2000 and Windows NT, with
emphasis on procedures for common database tasks.
Appendix F, "Oracle Database Windows/UNIX Differences"
This appendix compares features of Oracle Database for Windows and UNIX. This
information may be helpful to Oracle Database developers and database
administrators moving from UNIX to Windows platforms.
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Appendix G, "Oracle Database for 64-Bit Windows"
This appendix identifies unsupported features and special procedures for Oracle
Database for 64-bit Windows.
Glossary
The Glossary contains definitions of technical terms used in this guide. The first
appearance of each term in a chapter is a link to its definition in the Glossary.
Related Documents
For information on the components available in your Oracle Database installation
type, see your Oracle Database Installation Guide for Windows.
For Oracle Database product information that is applicable to all operating systems,
see your Oracle Database Online Documentation Library CD-ROM for Windows.
For information about Oracle Database error messages, see Oracle Database Error
Messages. Oracle Database error message documentation is available only in HTML. If
you only have access to the Oracle Database Documentation CD, you can browse the
error messages by range. Once you find the specific range, use your browser's "find in
page" feature to locate the specific message. When connected to the Internet, you can
search for a specific error message using the error message search feature of the Oracle
Database online documentation.
If you are not familiar with object-relational database management concepts, see Oracle
Database Concepts.
Many books in the documentation set use the sample schemas, which are installed by
default when you select the Basic Installation option with an Oracle Database
installation. Refer to Oracle Database Sample Schemas for information on how these
schemas were created and how you can use them yourself.
Printed documentation is available for sale in the Oracle Store at
http://oraclestore.oracle.com/
To download free release notes, installation documentation, white papers, or other
collateral, please visit the Oracle Technology Network (OTN). You must register online
before using OTN; registration is free and can be done at
http://otn.oracle.com/membership/
If you already have a username and password for OTN, then you can go directly to the
documentation section of the OTN Web site at
http://otn.oracle.com/documentation/
Conventions
This section describes the conventions used in the text and code examples of this
documentation set. It describes:
■ Conventions in Text
■ Conventions in Code Examples
■ Conventions for Windows Operating Systems
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Conventions in Text
We use various conventions in text to help you more quickly identify special terms.
The following table describes those conventions and provides examples of their use.
Convention Meaning Example
Bold Bold typeface indicates terms that are When you specify this clause, you create an
defined in the text or terms that appear in a index-organized table.
glossary, or both.
Italics Italic typeface indicates book titles or Oracle Database Concepts
emphasis.
Ensure that the recovery catalog and target
database do not reside on the same disk.
UPPERCASE Uppercase monospace typeface indicates You can specify this clause only for a NUMBER
monospace elements supplied by the system. Such column.
(fixed-width) elements include parameters, privileges,
You can back up the database by using the
font datatypes, RMAN keywords, SQL
BACKUP command.
keywords, SQL*Plus or utility commands,
packages and methods, as well as Query the TABLE_NAME column in the
system-supplied column names, database USER_TABLES data dictionary view.
objects and structures, usernames, and
Use the DBMS_STATS.GENERATE_STATS
roles.
procedure.
lowercase Lowercase monospace typeface indicates Enter sqlplus to start SQL*Plus.
monospace executable programs, filenames, directory
The password is specified in the orapwd file.
(fixed-width) names, and sample user-supplied
font elements. Such elements include computer Back up the datafiles and control files in the
and database names, net service names /disk1/oracle/dbs directory.
and connect identifiers, user-supplied
The department_id, department_name, and
database objects and structures, column
location_id columns are in the
names, packages and classes, usernames
hr.departments table.
and roles, program units, and parameter
values. Set the QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED initialization
parameter to true.
Note: Some programmatic elements use a
mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase. Connect as oe user.
Enter these elements as shown.
The JRepUtil class implements these methods.
lowercase Lowercase italic monospace font represents You can specify the parallel_clause.
italic placeholders or variables.
Run old_release.SQL where old_release
monospace
refers to the release you installed prior to
(fixed-width)
upgrading.
font
Conventions in Code Examples
Code examples illustrate SQL, PL/SQL, SQL*Plus, or other command-line statements.
They are displayed in a monospace (fixed-width) font and separated from normal text
as shown in this example:
SELECT username FROM dba_users WHERE username = 'MIGRATE';
The following table describes typographic conventions used in code examples and
provides examples of their use.
Convention Meaning Example
[ ] Anything enclosed in brackets is optional. DECIMAL (digits [ , precision ])
{ } Braces are used for grouping items. {ENABLE | DISABLE}
| A vertical bar represents a choice of two {ENABLE | DISABLE}
options. [COMPRESS | NOCOMPRESS]
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Convention Meaning Example
... Ellipsis points mean repetition in syntax CREATE TABLE ... AS subquery;
descriptions.
In addition, ellipsis points can mean an SELECT col1, col2, ... , coln FROM
omission in code examples or text. employees;
Other symbols You must use symbols other than brackets acctbal NUMBER(11,2);
([ ]), braces ({ }), vertical bars (|), and acct CONSTANT NUMBER(4) := 3;
ellipsis points (...) exactly as shown.
Italics Italicized text indicates placeholders or CONNECT SYSTEM/system_password
variables for which you must supply DB_NAME = database_name
particular values.
UPPERCASE Uppercase typeface indicates elements SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM
supplied by the system. We show these employees;
terms in uppercase in order to distinguish SELECT * FROM USER_TABLES;
them from terms you define. Unless terms DROP TABLE hr.employees;
appear in brackets, enter them in the order
and with the spelling shown. Because these
terms are not case sensitive, you can use
them in either UPPERCASE or lowercase.
lowercase Lowercase typeface indicates user-defined SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM
programmatic elements, such as names of employees;
tables, columns, or files. sqlplus hr/hr
Note: Some programmatic elements use a CREATE USER mjones IDENTIFIED BY ty3MU9;
mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase.
Enter these elements as shown.
Conventions for Windows Operating Systems
The following table describes conventions for Windows operating systems and
provides examples of their use.
Convention Meaning Example
Choose Start > How to start a program. To start the Database Configuration Assistant,
menu item choose Start > Programs > Oracle -
HOME_NAME > Configuration and Migration
Tools > Database Configuration Assistant.
File and directory File and directory names are not case c:\winnt"\"system32 is the same as
names sensitive. The following special characters C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32
are not allowed: left angle bracket (), colon (:), double
quotation marks ("), slash (/), pipe (|), and
dash (-). The special character backslash (\)
is treated as an element separator, even
when it appears in quotes. If the filename
begins with \\, then Windows assumes it
uses the Universal Naming Convention.
C:\> Represents the Windows command C:\oracle\oradata>
prompt of the current hard disk drive. The
escape character in a command prompt is
the caret (^). Your prompt reflects the
subdirectory in which you are working.
Referred to as the command prompt in this
manual.
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